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Each mL contains: Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride equivalent to Ciprofloxacin 0.3% w/v; Dexamethasone 0.1 % w/v; Benzalkonium chloride NF (preservative) 0.01% w/v; Sterile aqueous vehicle (q.s.).
Ciprofloxacin with Dexamethasone is a combination of ciprofloxacin, fluoroquinolone antimicrobial and dexamethasone, a potent corticosteroid.
Corticosteroids suppress the inflammatory response to a variety of agents and they probably delay or slow healing. Since corticosteroids may inhibit the body's defense mechanism against infection, a concomitant antimicrobial drug may be used when this inhibition is considered to be clinically significant.
The antibiotic in the combination (ciprofloxacin) is included to provide action against susceptible organisms.
Ciprofloxacin is highly effective against most of the pathogenic bacteria causing ocular infections such as: Staphylococci including penicillin and methicillin-resistant strains, coagulase negative Staph. spp., Strep. pneumoniae, Streptococci spp., Micrococcus, Corynebacterium, M. catarrhalis, N. gonorrhoeae, E. coli, Moraxella spp., Klebsiella spp., Proteus vulgaris, H. influenzae, H. aegypticus, Propionobacterium, Pseudomonas spp. and Chlamydia trachomatis. The primary antibacterial activity of Ciprofloxacin is believed to involve inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase, the enzyme responsible for introducing negative supercoils into the bacterial DNA and death of bacteria.
Thus, a combination of dexamethasone a potent corticosteroid and ciprofloxacin a broad-spectrum antibacterial in a topical formulation will together effectively resolve inflammation and infection in severe eye conditions.
